Planishing - Revision history

DT Online at 17:01, 14 May 2017

2017-05-14T17:01:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 14 May 2017
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	The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Stake]]''' ~~and~~ the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.		The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should overlap and be directed always at the same place on the '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Stake]]''' as the metal is moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.

DT Online at 11:58, 11 May 2017

2017-05-11T11:58:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:58, 11 May 2017
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	The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stakes\|Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.		The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.


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	In the case of a shallow bowl, for example, this is achieved by striking the metal with the flat face of the hammer over a domed '''[[Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''.		In the case of a shallow bowl, for example, this is achieved by striking the metal with the flat face of the hammer over a domed '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''.


	=====Planishing Cylinders and Cones=====		=====Planishing Cylinders and Cones=====

	The surface of either a '''Cylindrical''' or '''Conical''' form is straight along its axis but curved around the circumference, so neither the flat face nor the domed face of a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing Hammer]]''' would be suitable. Objects with a largely cylindrical and conical form should therefore be '''Planished''' against a cylindrical and conical '''[[Stakes\|Stake]]''' with a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Collet Hammer]]''' held as shown, which itself has two slightly cylindrically curved faces.		The surface of either a '''Cylindrical''' or '''Conical''' form is straight along its axis but curved around the circumference, so neither the flat face nor the domed face of a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing Hammer]]''' would be suitable. Objects with a largely cylindrical and conical form should therefore be '''Planished''' against a cylindrical and conical '''[[:Category:Stakes\|Stake]]''' with a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Collet Hammer]]''' held as shown, which itself has two slightly cylindrically curved faces.

	[[File:PlanishingCylinderCone.png\|centre\|600px]]		[[File:PlanishingCylinderCone.png\|centre\|600px]]

DT Online at 19:29, 3 May 2017

2017-05-03T19:29:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:29, 3 May 2017
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	The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[~~Stake~~\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.		The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stakes\|Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.


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	In the case of a shallow bowl, for example, this is achieved by striking the metal with the flat face of the hammer over a domed '''[[~~Stake~~\|Planishing Stake]]'''.		In the case of a shallow bowl, for example, this is achieved by striking the metal with the flat face of the hammer over a domed '''[[Stakes\|Planishing Stake]]'''.


	=====Planishing Cylinders and Cones=====		=====Planishing Cylinders and Cones=====

	The surface of either a '''Cylindrical''' or '''Conical''' form is straight along its axis but curved around the circumference, so neither the flat face nor the domed face of a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing Hammer]]''' would be suitable. Objects with a largely cylindrical and conical form should therefore be '''Planished''' against a cylindrical and conical '''[[Stake]]''' with a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Collet Hammer]]''' held as shown, which itself has two slightly cylindrically curved faces.		The surface of either a '''Cylindrical''' or '''Conical''' form is straight along its axis but curved around the circumference, so neither the flat face nor the domed face of a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing Hammer]]''' would be suitable. Objects with a largely cylindrical and conical form should therefore be '''Planished''' against a cylindrical and conical '''[[Stakes\|Stake]]''' with a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Collet Hammer]]''' held as shown, which itself has two slightly cylindrically curved faces.

	[[File:PlanishingCylinderCone.png\|centre\|600px]]		[[File:PlanishingCylinderCone.png\|centre\|600px]]

DT Online at 17:29, 3 May 2017

2017-05-03T17:29:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:29, 3 May 2017
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	For more industrial scale operations, foot-operated pneumatically powered '''<dtamazon product="B01FYG05B8" type="text">Planishing Hammers</dtamazon>''' are available and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel_beater '''Panel Beaters'''] may make use of an '''<dtamazon product="B00K1D1OSI" type="text">English Wheel</dtamazon>'''		For more industrial scale operations, foot-operated pneumatically powered '''<dtamazon product="B01FYG05B8" type="text">Planishing Hammers</dtamazon>''' are available and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel_beater '''Panel Beaters'''] may make use of an '''<dtamazon product="B00K1D1OSI" type="text">English Wheel</dtamazon>''' when forming and polishing aluminium car body parts for example.

DT Online at 17:26, 3 May 2017

2017-05-03T17:26:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:26, 3 May 2017
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	The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stake\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.		The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stake\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.


			For more industrial scale operations, foot-operated pneumatically powered '''<dtamazon product="B01FYG05B8" type="text">Planishing Hammers</dtamazon>''' are available and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panel_beater '''Panel Beaters'''] may make use of an '''<dtamazon product="B00K1D1OSI" type="text">English Wheel</dtamazon>'''

DT Online at 12:34, 3 May 2017

2017-05-03T12:34:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:34, 3 May 2017
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	=====Description=====		=====Description=====

	[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planishing '''Planishing'''],is a process used to true and smooth out the surface of '''[[:Category:Beaten Metalwork\|Beaten Metalwork]]''' items formed previously by '''[[Hollowing]]''' or '''[[Raising]]''' for example. It is important that the metal is thoroughly cleaned before '''Planishing''' ''(e.g. by '''[[Pickling]]''' and/or scouring)'' to avoid any grit, oxides or other contaminants to be hammered into the surface..		[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planishing '''Planishing'''],is a process used to true and smooth out the surface of '''[[:Category:Beaten Metalwork\|Beaten Metalwork]]''' items formed previously by '''[[Hollowing]]''', '''[[Seaming]]''' or '''[[Raising]]''' for example. It is important that the metal is thoroughly cleaned before '''Planishing''' ''(e.g. by '''[[Pickling]]''' and/or scouring)'' to avoid any grit, oxides or other contaminants to be hammered into the surface..
	[[File:HollowingCircles.png\|right\|200px]]		[[File:HollowingCircles.png\|right\|200px]]

DT Online at 12:31, 3 May 2017

2017-05-03T12:31:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:31, 3 May 2017
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			[[File:5ebf2d98d2334343c93c26000f178b8a.png\|right\|200px]]
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	The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stake\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[~~Workhardening~~\|~~Workhardens~~]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.		The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer\|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stake\|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Crystalline_Structures#Work_Hardening\|Work Hardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing\|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.

DT Online: Created article

2017-05-03T12:23:49Z

Created article

New page

__TOC__

=====Description=====

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planishing '''Planishing'''],is a process used to true and smooth out the surface of '''[[:Category:Beaten Metalwork|Beaten Metalwork]]''' items formed previously by '''[[Hollowing]]''' or '''[[Raising]]''' for example. It is important that the metal is thoroughly cleaned before '''Planishing''' ''(e.g. by '''[[Pickling]]''' and/or scouring)'' to avoid any grit, oxides or other contaminants to be hammered into the surface..
[[File:HollowingCircles.png|right|200px]]

The process involves striking the metal surface with a highly polished '''[[Silversmith's Hammer|Planishing or Collet Hammer]]''' whilst it is held firmly against the surface of a highly polished '''[[Stake|Planishing Stake]]'''. This imparts a polish on to the beaten metal surface and also '''[[Workhardening|Workhardens]]''' the previously '''[[Heat_Treatment#Annealing|Annealed]]''' sheet. Hammer blows should be directed always at the same place on the '''[[Stake]]''' and the metal moved round underneath. It can be helpful to draw pencil guidelines on the metal surface to ensure even and consistent working.

=====Features and Applications=====

'''Planishing''' if done correctly will impart a finish to the metal surface which, after final '''[[Buffing]]''' and polishing, causes the light to 'dance' over the metal surface. It is NOT the purpose of '''Planishing''' to leave the surface covered with deep hammer marks as seen on objects traded as [https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=hammered+copper&client=firefox-b&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSopn2z9PTAhVDI8AKHQK2DqcQ_AUICygC&biw=1429&bih=710#imgrc=oqaNZ5A8L3SRiM: 'hammered copperwork'] for example.

[[File: PlanishingBowl.png|right|300px]]
=====Planishing a Bowl form=====

'''[[Silversmith's Hammer|Planishing Hammers]]''' usually have one flat face and one slightly domed face. A general rule when '''Planishing''' to to choose round when '''Planishing''' a flat surface and flat when working on a domed surface.

In the case of a shallow bowl, for example, this is achieved by striking the metal with the flat face of the hammer over a domed '''[[Stake|Planishing Stake]]'''.

=====Planishing Cylinders and Cones=====

The surface of either a '''Cylindrical''' or '''Conical''' form is straight along its axis but curved around the circumference, so neither the flat face nor the domed face of a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer|Planishing Hammer]]''' would be suitable. Objects with a largely cylindrical and conical form should therefore be '''Planished''' against a cylindrical and conical '''[[Stake]]''' with a '''[[Silversmith's Hammer|Collet Hammer]]''' held as shown, which itself has two slightly cylindrically curved faces.

[[File:PlanishingCylinderCone.png|centre|600px]]

<div style="clear: both;"></div>
{{Silversmiths Hammer Buyers Guide}}

[[Category:Skills and Processes]]
[[Category:Beaten Metalwork]]