Supporting Pillars - Revision history

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2016-10-03T11:52:30Z

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			[[File:Pillars2.png\|400px\|right]]
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	=====Description=====		=====Description=====

	Single span bridges have supports, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment '''abutments'''], at each end. Longer crossings often need [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pier '''piers'''] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column '''pillars'''] to create multi-span bridges. These additional supports carry the compressive loads on the spans in between the end abutments. Materials which are used have to be strong in compression. Stone or brick [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry '''masonry'''] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-iron_architecture '''cast iron'''] was often used but more modern bridges tend to use steel or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete '''reinforced concrete'''].		Single span bridges have supports, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment '''abutments'''], at each end. Longer crossings often need [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pier '''piers'''] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column '''pillars'''] to create multi-span bridges. These additional supports carry the compressive loads on the spans in between the end abutments. Materials which are used have to be strong in compression. Stone or brick [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry '''masonry'''] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-iron_architecture '''cast iron'''] was often used but more modern bridges tend to use steel or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete '''reinforced concrete'''].


	~~[[File:Pillars2.png\|500px\|right]]~~
	~~__TOC__~~

	Try making models of pillars each one using a single sheet of '''[[Paper and Card\|A4 thin card]]''' or paper and tape or glue the ends together. Place a small square of thick card or board on top of each one then add weight until it collapses. Observe what happens.		Try making models of pillars each one using a single sheet of '''[[Paper and Card\|A4 thin card]]''' or paper and tape or glue the ends together. Place a small square of thick card or board on top of each one then add weight until it collapses. Observe what happens.

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2016-05-31T08:21:06Z

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			=====Description=====
	Single span bridges have supports, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment '''abutments'''], at each end. Longer crossings often need [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pier '''piers'''] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column '''pillars'''] to create multi-span bridges. These additional supports carry the compressive loads on the spans in between the end abutments. Materials which are used have to be strong in compression. Stone or brick [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry '''masonry'''] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-iron_architecture '''cast iron'''] was often used but more modern bridges tend to use steel or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete '''reinforced concrete'''].		Single span bridges have supports, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment '''abutments'''], at each end. Longer crossings often need [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pier '''piers'''] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column '''pillars'''] to create multi-span bridges. These additional supports carry the compressive loads on the spans in between the end abutments. Materials which are used have to be strong in compression. Stone or brick [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry '''masonry'''] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-iron_architecture '''cast iron'''] was often used but more modern bridges tend to use steel or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete '''reinforced concrete'''].


			[[File:Pillars2.png\|500px\|right]]
			__TOC__

	Try making models of pillars each one using a single sheet of '''[[Paper and Card\|A4 thin card]]''' or paper and tape or glue the ends together. Place a small square of thick card or board on top of each one then add weight until it collapses. Observe what happens.		Try making models of pillars each one using a single sheet of '''[[Paper and Card\|A4 thin card]]''' or paper and tape or glue the ends together. Place a small square of thick card or board on top of each one then add weight until it collapses. Observe what happens.

	~~:::::[[File:Pillars2.png\|600px\|bottom]]~~

			=====Questions=====
	*How did each pillar collapse?		*How did each pillar collapse?
	*Did the pillar bend or twist as it failed?		*Did the pillar bend or twist as it failed?
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	You may discover that a cylinder is the best shape because it has no corners to concentrate forces so the load is spread evenly and less likely to buckle. By filling the cylinder you are making it even stiffer, which also enables it to resist [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling '''buckling'''].		You may discover that a cylinder is the best shape because it has no corners to concentrate forces so the load is spread evenly and less likely to buckle. By filling the cylinder you are making it even stiffer, which also enables it to resist [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling '''buckling'''].


			{{Card Modelling Buyers Guide}}


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2016-03-28T18:03:52Z

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Single span bridges have supports, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment '''abutments'''], at each end. Longer crossings often need [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_pier '''piers'''] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column '''pillars'''] to create multi-span bridges. These additional supports carry the compressive loads on the spans in between the end abutments. Materials which are used have to be strong in compression. Stone or brick [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry '''masonry'''] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-iron_architecture '''cast iron'''] was often used but more modern bridges tend to use steel or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete '''reinforced concrete'''].

Try making models of pillars each one using a single sheet of '''[[Paper and Card|A4 thin card]]''' or paper and tape or glue the ends together. Place a small square of thick card or board on top of each one then add weight until it collapses. Observe what happens.

:::::[[File:Pillars2.png|600px|bottom]]

*How did each pillar collapse?
*Did the pillar bend or twist as it failed?
*Which shape of pillar seems to be strongest?
*Were tall pillars or short pillars best?
*Were narrow pillars or wide pillars best?

Try filling your winning design with sand or marbles - does this make it even stronger?

You may discover that a cylinder is the best shape because it has no corners to concentrate forces so the load is spread evenly and less likely to buckle. By filling the cylinder you are making it even stiffer, which also enables it to resist [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckling '''buckling'''].

[[Category:Structures Tasks]]