Gauges

Gauges are mainly used in designing and making to measure, mark or transfer distances.

Marking Gauge	Used to scribe lines parallel to the Face Edge or Face Side of timber or similar materials (i.e. used in much the same way that Oddlegs are used by metalworkers).
Cutting Gauge	The small cutting blade is used instead of the normal spur of a Marking Gauge when lines have to be scribed across the Grain (e.g. when marking out a shoulder for a Housing Joint)
Pencil Gauge	Sometimes scribing a line into the surface would be detrimental to the finished product and so, although less accurate, a pencil can be used instead of either a spur or a blade (e.g. when marking a bevel or chamfer)
Mortise Gauge (aka Mortice Gauge)	These are similar to a Marking Gauge but have two spurs which are set a distance apart equal to the Mortise Chisel to be used when marking out for a Mortise and Tenon Joint for example.
Bevel Gauge (aka Bevel Square or Sliding Bevel)	These are used to copy or mark angles other than the more common 90 degrees or 45 degrees.